

Surveying political rhetoric and policy, popular literature and scientific theories over four hundred years, history professor Nancy Isenberg upends assumptions about America’s supposedly class-free society where liberty and hard work were meant to ensure real social mobility. They were alternately known as "waste people," "offals," "rubbish," "lazy lubbers," and "crackers." By the 1850s, the downtrodden included so-called "clay eaters" and "sandhillers," known for prematurely-aged children distinguished by their yellowish skin, ragged clothing, and listless minds. The wretched and landless poor have existed from the time of the earliest British colonial settlement. Redneck roots : Deliverance, Billy Beer, and Tammy Faye Outing rednecks : slumming, Slick Willie, and Sarah Palin America's strange breed : the long legacy of white trash. Pedigree and poor white trash : bad blood, half-breeds and clay-eaters Cowards, poltroons, and mudsills : Civil war as class warfare Thoroughbreds and scalawags : bloodlines and bastard stock in the age of eugenics Forgotten men and poor folk : downward mobility and the Great Depression The cult of the country boy : Elvis Presley, Andy Griffith, and LBJ's Great Society

